Translate Niches or Gaps Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Translate Niches or Gaps - Assignment Example The topic of the study is, â€Å"Impact of the internet on information literacy and library skills.† There is no doubt that numerous studies have been conducted on the same topic. It is also true that with the introduction, development, and advancements of the internet, information literacy and library skills have tremendously improved. In the contemporary society, studies are now able to develop their research methods and achieve a good sense of plagiarism through specific software (Correia & Teixeira, 2003). In addition, there is an extensive use of web 2.0 applications as well as search engines such as the Wikipedia and Google that has enabled students and other stakeholders to increase their information literacy and library skills (Correia & Teixeira, 2003). Indisputably, the internet has had a major impact on information literacy and library skills within the contemporary environment. Despite earlier studies and researches on the impact of the internet on education, very little has been done on specific items such as information literacy and library skills. Most previous studies and researchers have only been able to generalize the impact of the internet on education and probably acquisition of information. Specific skills such as library and information literacy have rarely been studies. Even in the few cases that such studies have been conducted, the research is not intensive and extensive. In this respect this research aims at finding out more about the specific impact of the internet. The specific impact of the internet to be addressed in this paper includes the information literacy and the library skills. Even though many researches and studies have been carried out on the impact of the internet on broad perspectives such as education, it is still evident that new advancements and developments arise within the internet. There are numerous dynamics still being experienced within the concepts of the

Disagreement case study Essay Example for Free

Disagreement case study Essay Disagreement between practitioner, child and a young person Sometimes children can be rebellious if there passing thru difficult time in their life or some stage, however we must not go into any argument with any child. Some times it’s good to give child and ourselves a little extra time alone to think again. Settings behaviour policy must be followed so the child or a young person will not be confused and they will know every consequence of their actions. We could call a another person to be with us at the time of talk to prevent any accusations, we must inform the manager just in case parent needs to be involved and also to allow communication between colleagues in setting to be up to date. Being informative and reasoning may allow child to understand further our point of view and in some case that may help issue to resolve. We must be sensitive, show them with our body language, that we are listening their point of view without interrupting their talk. Show child a respect and treat them like the adults, ask for mediator if you think that will be better for both side. Disagreement between Practitioner and adults In any work we all will have disagreement some point in our work life. Most of these disagreements are results of miss communication. To resolve this disagreement and prevent it to escalate we need to talk about them as soon as possible, the longer we leave the problem lye, becomes more difficult to get it resolve. It’s important to follow settings policies to make sure everyone behaves in an appropriate manner. Sometimes clash personalities, or our other qualities can make other side hard to cooperate with, in that case it’s good to arrange a mediator who can be voice of the both side and can mediate to resolve the issue. It will beneficial to be informative all the time, so other side can understand fully about the issue and the outcome of any actions. Other person can have their own personal problems so it’s good to show some sensitivity to their needs and questions may prevent lot of disagreements. Always we need to report our manager what happened and we nee d to keep manager up to date, so we will have the support we need if the thinks gets out of hand or escalates.

Analysis of Unforeseen Results of Technological Advance Essay -- Techn

Throughout history technology and technological advances have shaped our lives, our culture and our world. Everyday new technologies are being created that change our world, both for the better and for the worse, both expected and unexpected. Since there have been technological advances, there have been unexpected consequences of those advances. Advances like the stirrup, the industrial revolution, mass production, the clock, advances in medicine and domestic technology have all had unanticipated consequences which have had profound effects on our society, and our planet. Around the Dark Ages the stirrup came to Europe. It was brought by nomadic Asian tribes as they travelled west. First accepted by the Frankish tribes, it allowed for the first use of effective heavy cavalry. Before this it was too difficult to balance on horse back with heavy armour, so cavalry was limited to mainly reconnaissance and scouting. Heavy cavalry quickly became a powerful weapon for medevil kings, and this eventually brought about the invention of knights. Knights were used as shock tactics, they would charge enemy lines and send them into disarray. This tactic became extremely effective. With the invention of knights came the Feudal System. The Feudal System was basis of Medevil European society. Kings would award land to people in return for the service of a knight for a certain amount of time each year. This way the king would have access to knights and people would be able to acquire land in return for them. Although the stirrup was originally just used for better su pport while on horse back, it unexpectedly brought about the invention of the greatest weapon in Medevil Europe and with them, the basis for European society at that time. During t... ...the advances did was make the work less physically demanding, that meant that women did not need the help of men and children to do the work, all the advances did was make housework more efficient, but just as time consuming as before. Women still hard the bulk of the household workload and were for the most part not free to pursue careers. In conclusion, it is evident that throughout history technological advances have produced unexpected consequences for the world. Examples like the stirrup, the industrial revolution, mass production, the mechanical clock, medical science and the birthing process, and domestic technology have shown that there are serious social, economic, and cultural consequences that may arise. It also shows that we can expect more unanticipated consequences as we continue to make more and more technological advances in all aspects of science

Accounting Essay -- essays research papers

Revenue Recognition Policies The purpose of this paper is to compare the revenue recognition policies of two companies in the search, detection, navigation, guidance, and aeronautical systems industry. The two companies I have selected are Aerosonic Corporation, and Esco Electronics Company. Esco Electronics Company is engaged in the design, manufacture, sale and support of engineered products. These products are used principally in filteration/fluid flow applications, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing, and electric utility communications and control systems. The filtration/fluid flow and EMC testing products are supplied to a broad base of industrial and commercial customers worldwide. At the present time, electric utility communications systems are marketed primarily to customers in North America. The four primary industry segments of Esco are Filtration/Fluid Flow, Test, Communications, and other. In order for Esco to conform with generally accepted accounting principles, management must make careful estimates in preparing the financial statements. These estimates are for anticipated contract costs and revenues earned during the life of the contract. These amounts affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the company’s financial statements. Actual results could differ from these numbers. Revenues are recognized on commercial sales when products are shipped or when services are performed. Revenue on production contracts are recorded when specific contract terms are fulfilled. These amounts are determined either by the units of production or delivery methods. Revenues from cost reimbursement contracts are recorded as costs are incurred, plus fees earned. Revenue under long-term contracts in which the previous two methods are inappropriate, the percentage-of-completion method is used. Revenue under engineering contracts are generally recognized as certain â€Å"milestones† are attained. The percentage-of-completion method recognizes a portion of the estimated gross profit for each period based on progress to date. Progress to date is based on three factors. These three factors are the costs incurred to date, the most recent estimate of the project’s total cost, and the most recent gross profit percentage. Progress to date is assumed to ... ...s these items as sales. Like Esco, Aerosonic follows the percentage-of completion method to account for long-term engineering contracts. Revisions in costs and revenue estimates are reflected in the periods in which the revisions are made. Provisions for estimated losses are determined without regard to the percentage-of-completion. Like Esco, Aerosonic’s financial statements are based heavily on management’s estimates. To auditors, this raises a red flag. Auditors must be careful when conducting the audits of these particular companies. It is rather easy, and conceivable for management to manipulate earnings to meet projected totals. Another important area is that a company like Aerosonic has one major customer, and that is U.S. government. Another important factor is that Aerosonic recognizes revenue when title transfers to the government. Since the two parties are closely related in a business sense, Aerosonic may have the incentive to push titles of products to the government to meet target revenues. Auditors should take care in determining whether or not the financial statements conform generally accepted accounting principles.

Round-Trip Copper Reactions Lab Report

AP Chemistry 12/13/11 Round-Trip Copper Reactions Lab The purpose of this lab was to evaluate our skills of decanting a supernatant liquid without losing the solid and successful completion of a series of reactions. This was done through five chemical reactions involving copper. In this lab, elemental copper was put through five different chemical reactions in order to convert it into different compounds. By the end of the fifth reaction, the copper was back to its elemental state. In the first reaction, 0. 95 g of pure copper was reacted with 4. 0 mL of concentrated nitric acid under the fume hood. The solution was swirled until all of the copper had dissolved. The balanced equation for this reaction is as follows: Cu (s) + 4HNO3 (aq) a Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2NO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) When the nitric acid came into contact with the solid copper, a brown gas was immediately released into the fume hood. This brown gas was nitrogen dioxide as the balanced equation above shows. As the copper dissolved, the solution slowly turned blue because of the copper ions. In the second reaction, distilled water was added to the copper (II) nitrate solution until the beaker was half full. Then, 30 mL of 3. M sodium hydroxide was added to the solution. The balanced equation for this reaction is as follows: Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) a Cu(OH)2 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq) When sodium hydroxide was added to the copper (II) nitrate solution, a bright blue gel-like precipitate was formed instantly. This precipitate was copper (II) hydroxide. The precipitate was blue because of the copper ions. In the third reaction, the c opper (II) hydroxide solution was heated above a Bunsen burner. Continual stirring was required to reduce the â€Å"bumping†, or formation of bubbles that release gas very quickly that have the potential to cause injury. The balanced equation for this reaction is as follows: Cu(OH)2 (s) a CuO (s) + H2O (l) When the solution was heated, the bright blue precipitate slowly began to darken, at first by showing flakes of black, then eventually turning completely black. This is due to the copper reacting with oxygen, or oxidizing. The black precipitate was allowed to settle and then the supernatant, the clear liquid that lies above a precipitate, was decanted, or poured carefully off. Then, 200 mL of hot distilled water was added and the precipitate was allowed to settle to repeat the decanting process again. In the fourth reaction, 15 mL of 6. 0 M sulfuric acid was added to the copper (II) oxide while stirring. The balanced equation for this reaction is as follows: CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) a CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l) + SO2 (g) When the sulfuric acid was added to copper (II) oxide, the solution turned blue. This was due to the formation of aqueous copper (II) sulfate, which produced the copper ions to change the color of the solution. In the fifth reaction, 2. 29 g of zinc was added to the copper (II) sulfate solution under the fume hood. The balanced equation for this reaction is written as followed: Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq) a ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s) When the zinc was added to the copper (II) sulfate solution, the solution started to bubble. As the solution was stirred, it turned a cloudy blue. Small flecks of a brown solid were visible. As the solution became colorless, the brown solid settled to the bottom of the beaker. The solid formed was copper in its elemental state. The color faded from the solution as the copper ions slowly formed into solid copper. The copper was poured into a funnel with filter paper and washed three times with 25 mL of distilled water and ethanol. In order to dry the copper, it was placed on a watch glass weighing 29. 91 g over a beaker half full of water on a hot plate. One the copper appeared to be dry, the beaker was removed from the hot plate and allowed to cool. The copper was massed on the watch glass and was recorded as 30. 79 g. This was left to sit overnight and was massed again the next and recorded as 30. 77 g. By subtracting the mass of the watch glass from the final mass of the copper and watch glass, the mass of the copper was obtained and recorded as 0. 86 g. In conclusion, the percent yield of copper from the original copper was calculated to be 90. % by the formula: actual x 100 = percent yield theoretical 0. 86 g x 100 = 90. 5% 0. 95 g In theory, the amount of copper at the end of the lab should have been the same amount that was started out with. Due to decanting and changing containers, some of the mass was lost. The calculated percent yield above is fairly accurate considering that some of the mass was los t during decanting and transferring the copper from the filter paper onto the watch glass.

Comic Art essays

Comic Art essays Comics today are becoming more and more popular. With increasing readers, comics has evolved from the newspapers funnies, to todays mass production of entertainment. Comics in many ways follow up on similar forms, that makes comics its very own form of art. Considering comics as a form of art, it is to be believed that comics is a modern day art movement, due to its popularity, style, and elements which is contained in comics. Art that forms into a story has originated as long as the beginning of time. Drawings on caves that represents action of a hunt, or a history of what had happened relates to the art form known as comics. Ancient Egypt, has drawings in pyramid and buildings representing action and story as comics does. Today, comics represents humor, horror, action, and fantasy. Comics today contains characters from the unreal to characters such as political characters to actors. Comic in some ways have no limit to what it can contain. It has become a multi-media production. Not only does comics uses ink, paints, and pencils only, comics have evolved as technology has allowed it to be. Comics known today started out from magazines. Bradford W. Wright, author of Comic Book Nation states that, The earliest comic books derived directly from comic strips, but in many respect they owed more to pulp magazines. The humor comics started it all. In Wrights text, it was to be believes that titles like Famous Funnies, Funnies on Parade, and the Funnies was the first comic books dating back to 1890(Wright 2). Comics purpose back then were to entertain. Using wording bubbles, readers can easily follow through the funnies. The funnies were little short boxes of art, which follow each other sequentially, to tell a story, state out a point, or basically just to entertain. Horror, action, and fantasy comics started when popular comic hero Superman came out. It was 1934 that two high-sch ...

Analysis and Discussion of essays

Analysis and Discussion of essays Running head: SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF THE FIRST DECADE OF PERSONAL COMPUTING The First Decade of Personal Computing The First Decade of Personal Computing is an interesting account of the technological and financial highs and lows of the computer revolution of the 1970s. Computers of today have evolved from the 1950s room-filling monsters, which required a small army of people to maintain and operate. The 70s computer revolution should be grouped by the following years. From 1970-1974, frustrated engineers accumulated plentiful creative hours inside garages or in other various work centers attempting to turn their computer dreams into reality. In 1975 one of the first and most successful personal computer, Altair 8800, was created and sold. The spring of 1976 Steve Wozniak unveiled the Apple I. Several other computers emerged during this time due to the increased demand and innovation. In 1977 a major paradigm shift changed the way computers were sold. Fueled by the innovative shifts of Apple II, Commodore Pet, and the TRS-80, computers shifted from the kit to the assembled versions. From 1978 until the early 80s the focus shifted to software support. The development of office software applications and video games provided the core technology for computers to become essential for everyday applications. Companies like IBM, APPLE, and Radio Shack profited during the revolution while even more failed. The following key concepts were exhibited through out the article: Ingredients of a new venture, Entrepreneurial Style, and Dynamics of new ventures. All new high-tech ventures have 5 elements, all of which were present in Steve Wozniaks invention of the Apple I. Wozniaks first ingredient, a new product or process or service based on new technology, was the ca ...

No Se Essays

No Se Essays No Se Essay No Se Essay Explain all your answers using the Problem-Solving Technique 1. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0. 07 m3 of nitrogen at 130 kPa and 120oC. The nitrogen is now expanded polytropically to a state of 100 kPa and 100oC. Determine the boundary work during this process. 2. A piston-cylinder device with a set of stops initially contains 0. 3 kg of steam at 1. 0 MPa and 400oC. The location of the stops corresponds to 60 percent of the initial volume. Now the steam is cooled. Determine the compression work if the final state is (a) 1. Mpa and 250 oC and (b) 500 kPa. (c) Also determine the temperature at the final state in part (b) 3. A frictionless piston-cylinder device initially contains 200L of saturated liquid refrigerant-134a. The piston is free to move, and its mass is such that it maintains a pressure of 900 kPa on the refrigerant. The refrigerant is now heated until its temperature rises to 70oC. Calculate the work done during this process. 4. A mass of 2. 4 kg of air at 1 50 kPa and 12oC is contained in a gas-tight, frictionless piston-cylinder device. The air is now compressed to a final pressure of 600 kPa. During the process, heat is transferred from the air such that the temperature inside the cylinder remains constant. Calculate the work input during this process. 5. Saturate water vapor at 200oC is isothermally condensed to a saturated liquid in a piston-cylinder device. Calculate the heat transfer and the work done during this process in kJ/kg. 6. An insulated piston-cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a constant pressure of 175 kPa. Water is stirred by a paddle wheel while a current of 8 A flows for 45 min through a resistor placed in the water. In one-half of the liquid is evaporated during this constant-pressure process and the paddle-wheel work amounts to 400 kJ, determine the voltage of the source. Also, show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to the saturation lines. 7. 1-kg of oxygen is heated from 25oC to 300oC. Determine the amount of heat transferred required when this is done during a (a) constant-volume process and (b) isobaric process.

Asian Film term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Asian Film term paper - Essay Example In defiance of what the society expects, those facing this situation make effort to gratify their selves through pursuing freedom and joy for a future of optimism. The importance of this topic lies in the fact that every individual in modern times is affected by this notion. This essay paper intends to demonstrate the conflict between individualism as a modern concept and the community’s traditional values as depicted in Mehta’s, water, Harks, Peking opera blues and Kwan’s, Rouge. Introduction This essay will carry out an analysis of how the directors have expressed conflicts using the movies as mentioned. In addition to this, the essay will look at some vital lessons arising from the complex events of what the various characters go through largely due to transformation of society and eventually getting freedom by themselves. Water by Mehta demonstrates conflicting ideas that characterize the ideals of individualism and values of tradition relating to obligations to family and social rules upheld by society. This is clearly illustrated by the female characters comprised of Chuyia, Shakuntala and Chuyia. These are three female personalities experiencing a complex situation in terms of two competing ideals. At this moment of history, India as a country is going through a cultural phase causing the situation to be more complicated. The emergence of new laws is attributed to a time of colonialism. These new laws go contrary to Indian society’s traditional customs which concerns widowhood and remarriage. Kalyani loves Narayan to the extent that she flees with him to the other side of river Ganges where Narayan lives with his father (Mehta, 2005). Kalyani goes contrary to tradition’s expectations due to her plan to flee and get married by Narayan. Individualism is seen through Kalyani who plans to get remarried, a decision which violates the customs of India in relation to prohibition of marriage According to Shakuntala, the experie nce she undergoes in life results into a conflict which causes her to have contrary views about widowhood customs in India. She feels that there should be a situation that is ideal and capable of being accepted by all. Kalyan earns freedom courtesy of Shakuntala after which Kalyani flees with Narayan to the opposite bank of the Ganges River and apart from this; Shakuntala comes to the rescue of Chuyia (Mehta, 2005). This instance demonstrates Shankuntala’s negative perception to customs and her adherence to apply it by remaining in the ashram. As events unfold, the individual ideals of Shakuntala contradict her apparent loyalty and commitment to the social norms of India which is in support of forbidding remarriage for widows. Chuyia herself despite adhering to the demands placed on widows according to Indian customs decides to go with Shakuntala so as to free her from the fate that she is destined to experience as a young widow whose age is too low. The events unfolding indi cate that the situation experienced by these three widows places them in a situation that require difficult conflicting decisions to be made. One of the decisions they must make for their own and each other’s benefit is to ensure that life for them becomes tolerable. The need to safeguard their interest and individual benefits contradicts the commitment they are required to observe about Indian society’s custom. The things they do indicate their rebellion of custom irrespective of its suppressive nature. In Hark’

Exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Exercise - Essay Example The expression â€Å"he lurched† is in the past simple form. It simply shows the step that Mr. Jones took. The expression â€Å"drew himself a last glass† is in the past emphatic form because it emphasizes that it was not the first glass he was drinking (Anderwald, 2012. P281). The expression â€Å"made his way up to bed† is in the past simple form because it simply shows the act of Mr. Jones going to bed. At the same time, the forms of tenses of the expressions help to show the sequence of occurrence of the events and the states of occurrence. The expressions show that Mr. Jones started by lurching across the yard then drawing a last glass of beer before he made his was to bed. In terms of the states in which the events occurred, the expressions show that Mr. Jones was drunk already as he lurched across the yard. However, he still took another glass of beer then went to bed drunk. The expression â€Å"Mrs. Jones was already snoring† is in the past continuous form. It shows that she began snoring even before Mr. Jones got to bed. The expression â€Å"went out† is in the past perfect form as it shows a fact about what happened to the light (Ambridge, 2010. P1497). The light perfectly went out. The expression â€Å"there was a stirring† is in the past continuous form because it shows an event that started and continued after the light went out. The expression â€Å"word had gone round† is in the perfect past form of past tense. It shows that word going round during the day anticipated the occurrence of some event. This was a perfect occurrence of an event. The expression â€Å"had had a strange dream† is in the past emphatic form of past tense. It emphasizes the fact that the old major had a strange dream the previous night. The forms of tenses of the words showed the states and sequence of occurrence of the events. The light bedroom light went out when Mrs. Jones was still snoring. After the light went out, the stirring began in the

Leadership Approach of Habermas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Leadership Approach of Habermas - Essay Example The essay "Leadership Approach of Habermas" talks about the leadership theories that comprise of all the factors that are helpful in making a good leader and particularly the Habermas Approach. The main subject matter of the Great Man theory is that the leaders have inherent qualities of leadership from their birth and those qualities can not be injected into any ordinary person. The term ‘Great Man’ is used because at that time it was mainly referred to the male military leaders and it portrayed them as mythical heroes. The trait theory of leadership have few similarities with the previously discussed Great Man theories, it emphasizes on certain qualities that a leader possess. Those qualities are the factors that make a good leader and they are identified from the behavior and personalities of great leaders. The theory had limitations in explaining the fact what if any ordinary person possesses those qualities but he is not a leader. The contingency theory of leadership has its focus on the specific environmental variables which determines the leadership style according to the circumstances. The theory emphasizes that there is no particular style of leadership which can suit in every situation so; the leaders have to be flexible in their style to tackle various situations. The situational theories of leadership emphasize on the choice of action by the leaders which best suits the present situation. Though different leadership styles can be more appropriate in a case of some specific decision makings.

Comparing two of the six IPCC scenarios Assignment

Comparing two of the six IPCC scenarios - Assignment Example With this regards it evident that the number one energy type, oil is declining at a faster rate. For example, The United States oil reserves have been declining since the year 1971. The demand for oil in most of the countries is increasing and most of the oil producing countries has already depleted their oil fields. Gas which is also produced in similar circumstance as oil is also limited. By the year 2100, most of the natural gas should have been depleted (Chefruka, 2009). Nuclear energy seems to one of the energy types that will not be fully depleted by 2100. The more nuclear power plant will be formed the more power people will be able to obtain. Since most of the energy forms would have been depleted by 2100, renewable energy will become the most used for of energy. By 2100, most of the population will be forced to use the renewable forms of energy like solar panels and wind power (Nakicenovic, 2001). The decline of human population by 2100 can be closely associated with the reduction of energy. It is correct to assume that the decline in the world energy supply will have profound effect on the population. If we carefully analyze this, we will find out that human being requires a significant amount on energy to sustain their quality of life. So, if this energy supply decline per capita, the quality of life will be affected. Based on the theory of demand and supply, when the energy sources become scarce, there price of oil will go high. The price of this commodity will force the populace to redirect money for other expenses to obtain this precious commodity. Their consumption will hit rock bottom and this will be disastrous. Statistics shows that over 5 billion out of 7 billion occupants live in countries where the energy per capita is under 1.5 toe per year (Nakicenovic, 2001). As the energy reserves continue to decline, these counties stand a high

Development of motion picture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Development of motion picture - Essay Example A French dissenter threw a molotov cocktail in one of the theaters during its exhibition. The criticisms leveled at the film, just like in the case of Mel Gibson’s The Passion of Christ (2004), indicate a certain risk for filmmakers, which could affect the articulation of the material. This paper takes a closer look at three significant ‘Jesus-films’: The Last Temptation of Christ (Scorsese, 1988); The Passion of Christ (Gibson 2004); and, Son of God (Spencer, 2014). The differences between the three films reviewed in this paper are perhaps best articulated in the genres chosen by each of the directors. Scorsese’s work, which was an adaptation of Nikos Kazatzakis’ novel of the same title, would qualify as a Hollywood biopic, presenting a Christ tortured by God. In a way, this is not surprising because the director is known for these type of anti-heroes - those caught in the web of human failings, torn between their passion and beliefs (see, for instance Taxi Driver and Raging Bull). There was an objective: to resolve what it must have been like for Jesus as a human who was struggling with his divinity and his humanity. Throughout the film, Jesus was depicted as a Messiah who constantly questioned and doubted. The primary thesis was that Jesus was human and must have grappled with human frailties because - it is assumed - that it was part of his purpose. In order to resolve Scorsese’s goals, the director had to answer Jesus’ initial attitude towards his divinity and how he came to terms with it. In the process, he had to break away from the traditional tone and setting of previous Jesus-films. For instance, in his depiction of one of the temptations, the devil was presented in a suit that somehow resembled a modern-day CEO or even a preaching evangelical. In addition, Scorsese also had to create scenes

Comparing two of the six IPCC scenarios Assignment

Comparing two of the six IPCC scenarios - Assignment Example With this regards it evident that the number one energy type, oil is declining at a faster rate. For example, The United States oil reserves have been declining since the year 1971. The demand for oil in most of the countries is increasing and most of the oil producing countries has already depleted their oil fields. Gas which is also produced in similar circumstance as oil is also limited. By the year 2100, most of the natural gas should have been depleted (Chefruka, 2009). Nuclear energy seems to one of the energy types that will not be fully depleted by 2100. The more nuclear power plant will be formed the more power people will be able to obtain. Since most of the energy forms would have been depleted by 2100, renewable energy will become the most used for of energy. By 2100, most of the population will be forced to use the renewable forms of energy like solar panels and wind power (Nakicenovic, 2001). The decline of human population by 2100 can be closely associated with the reduction of energy. It is correct to assume that the decline in the world energy supply will have profound effect on the population. If we carefully analyze this, we will find out that human being requires a significant amount on energy to sustain their quality of life. So, if this energy supply decline per capita, the quality of life will be affected. Based on the theory of demand and supply, when the energy sources become scarce, there price of oil will go high. The price of this commodity will force the populace to redirect money for other expenses to obtain this precious commodity. Their consumption will hit rock bottom and this will be disastrous. Statistics shows that over 5 billion out of 7 billion occupants live in countries where the energy per capita is under 1.5 toe per year (Nakicenovic, 2001). As the energy reserves continue to decline, these counties stand a high

How is national identity constructed in everyday life Essay

How is national identity constructed in everyday life - Essay Example First of all it is necessary for us to make clear the definition of our subject and its obvious connection with day-to-day life of an individual. In other words it is significant for our study to systematize our definition of a national identity and parts from which it consists. National identity consists of and develops with a help of almost everything that surrounds person during his or her daily activities. Of course we are going to talk about this in general and exclusions like in cases of immigration or living in exile are not among the topics of our research. Every day person deals with problems and issues that guarantee this person’s further existence. All people except maybe some monks in mountains identify themselves with and depend on the country in which they live. These national borders do not always remain final and non-arguable but in most cases for now countries all around the world stay in more or less stable condition. This allows us to talk about formed national identity except maybe for those people who live in regions like Middle East or post-Soviet Union regions where nationality is not formed at all or not formed well. Everyday life consists of our co-existing with all kinds of political, social, cultural, religious and other ideological and traditional ideas and concepts. I suggest to pay each of them attention which they deserve as parts of a basis of our question. Geographical position and ethnic roots predispose the origin of nations. After people became a group the psychological and ideological formation of an identity has been developing and evolving. So the location acts as a starting point for the further establishment of a national character and this evolution of a savage into a civilized citizen is influenced by different factors (Henslin, 2011). Politics and political consciousness of an individual are one of the most important details in the

Apocalypse Now Analysis Essay Example for Free

Apocalypse Now Analysis Essay The line â€Å"Mistah Kurtz – he dead† from T. S. Elliot’s poem ‘The Hollow Men’ refers to one of the movie’s main characters: Mr. Kurtz, a European trader who had gone into â€Å"the heart of darkness† ie the middle of the vast Vietnamese jungle with European standards of life and behavior. Because he’s alienated from the morals and spiritual strengths he cannot maintain his sanity and soon turns into a barbarian. â€Å"Eyes they dare not meet in dreams† – in my mind, these are the eyes of the innocent Vietnamese whose death they ordered. They’ being the American soldiers who, throughout the duration of their journey through the jungle lost their sanity and were brainwashed because of the weapons they were given. What I was particularly fascinated by in the film ‘Apocalypse Now’ was the way the good can somehow turn into the evil, not on their own, but because of their surroundings. â€Å"[.. ] We were in the jungle, there were too many of us, we had access to too much money, too much equipment and little by little we went insane –said by director and producer, Coppola at the Cannes film festival in 1979. Even the director had, little by little, gone insane being exposed to the Vietnamese jungle for so many years. The making of the film had taken more than 10 years and $30million to create which had brought Coppola to attempted suicide a couple of times. The film is based on the novella ‘Heart of Darkness’ which took place during the Vietnam War, where the American and the Vietnamese soldiers showed no mercy when it came to a matter of life and death. Throughout the film, I realized that the main character, Captain Willard, sent to assassinate Colonel Kurtz, began to be more and more captivated by Kurtz’s achievements and was beginning to think like him as he was exposed to immoral atrocities of the Great War. When General Corman described Willard’s mission to him he told him â€Å"In this war, things get confused out there, power, ideals, the old morality, and practical military necessity. Out there with these natives it must be a temptation to be god. Because theres a conflict in every human heart between the rational and the irrational, between good and evil. The good does not always triumph. Sometimes the dark side overcomes what Lincoln called the better angels of our nature. Every man has got a breaking point. You and I have. Walter Kurtz has reached his. And very obviously, he has gone insane. † This quote reminds me of Dante’s Inferno mentioned in the poem â€Å"The Hollow Men† – a journey through the different circles of hell depending on the type of person one was and the type of crime they had committed during their lifetime. The man is clear in his mind but his soul is mad. † Like Alberto Giacometti, Kurtz and Willard develop two faces during the time of the war. The only difference is that Giacometti didn’t need a war to show this, his dual personality was natural in criticizing himself, his paintings and his sculptures. Whilst watching the film I found it mainly disturbing how these men, men with families, men who had peaceful souls, could casually blow off the head of a Vietnamese person without feeling just a tiny bit of hurt in their hearts. They could â€Å"kill without feeling without passion without judgment without judgment! Because its judgement that defeats us. † The fact that these characters, sent out on mission through the rivers of a foreign place, were simple men, one a chef, the other a surfer, and the other a sailor gives the audience the feeling that this could happen to anyone. Being placed in the jungles of Vietnam with nothing but weapons would turn us into these animalistic beings with only one instinct: kill to survive. Do you know that if is the middle word in life? If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs and blaming it on you, if you can trust yourself when all men doubt you This film is, in fact, all about losing one’s mind, being brainwashed by the immoralities of society, to be converted into an emotionless killer. It’s about the delusion of what an evil man is in the normal person’s eyes compared to what an evil man is in the brainwashed personâ €™s eyes.

Underwriting Process in Insurance

Underwriting Process in Insurance Underwriting Process In order for the insurance companies to make profit and charge the appropriate rate for an insured, they undergo the underwriting process. Underwriting is the process in which an insurance company determines if an applicant is eligible for insurance and the rate they should charge if the applicant is eligible. In simpler words, it is a process of risk classification. The purpose of insurance underwriting is to spread risk among a pool of insured in a way that is both profitable for the insurer and fair to the customer. Insurance companies need to make a profit like many other businesses. Therefore, it doesnt make sense if they sell insurance for everyone who applies for it. They may not want to charge an excessive high rate to the customer and also it is not good for them to charge the same premium to every policyholder. Underwriting enables the company to weed out certain applicants and to charge the remaining applicants premiums that are commensurate with their level of risk (Conra d, Clark, Goodwin, Morse Kane, 2011). The underwriting process consist of evaluating several sources of an applicant and the use of complex pricing models developed by actuaries that help the insurance companies set prices. I will focus on the risk classification along with some of the factors that help the underwriters classify each applicant and the use of insurance credit scoring that allow the insurance companies to price the premiums. Factors An insurance company usually looks at various factors during the underwriting process in order to evaluate a potential customer in terms of risk. These factors enable the insurer to determine whether or not the potential customer is insurable. If the potential customer is determined to be insurable, then these factors will help to place them in the appropriate risk group. Some of the factors considered are age, sex, health history, current health/physical condition, personal family health history, occupation, personal habits/character, financial condition, and hobbies (Clark, et al, 2011). Some people believe that any characteristic over which we have no control, such as gender, race, and age, should be excluded from insurance underwriting and rating practices (Baranoff, Brockett, Kahane, 2009, p.157). This argument reflect the idea that the factors used by insurance companies should be based on the behavior of the people instead of the quality on which they are born. Risk Classification Risk classification plays an important role in the pricing of the policy. The premium that the customer pays will depend on the category he/she belongs to. Underwriters classify the applicants into four types of risk groups: standard risk, substandard risk, preferred risk and uninsurable/declined risk. Standard risk. Individuals who have a likelihood of loss or the probability of filing a claim that is not significantly greater than the average are classified as standard risks. Based on the underwriting standards of the insurance company, the people in this group are given a term of insurance without being charged for any extra fees or be subjected to any policy restrictions and they are charged with the standard premium rate (Clark, et al, 2011). Most individual life and health insurance policies are issued at standard premium rates. Substandard risk. Insured that are classified as substandard risk or rated risk, are those that have a greater chance of filing a claim. Applicants are classified in this group because of their health and/or other factors that makes them more likely to die earlier than those who dont possess these kinds of risk factors (Clark, et al, 2011). They are usually charged a higher than standard rate because of the added risks that they possess. Examples of people that may be in this category are those who possess a history of high blood pressure, diabetes, drugs and alcohol. Or maybe they engage in some dangerous activities like skydiving or rock climbing. Preferred risk. Applicants classified as preferred risks are those who are expected to have an above average life expectancy (Clark, et al, 2011). People in this group are preferred by the insurance companies because of their health history and good habits. They are usually offered a lower rate or preferred rate. Applicants that may belong to this group are nonsmokers or people that have a good health history. Uninsurable risk. Individuals categorized as uninsurable or declined risk are those that pose a risk that is too great for the insurance company to cover. The applicants conditions are so rare or unique that the company may not be able to arrive at a suitable premium (Clark, et al, 2011), so their policies are generally declined. Examples of this category include people who have a serious illness and people who conduct illegal activities. Insurance Credit Scoring in Pricing After classifying the applicants into one of the risk groups, the insurance company needs to set price for the policies. One of the tools used by the insurance companies for pricing is the credit scores that help them determine the adequate premium for each consumer. Insurance scores are confidential rankings based on credit history information. Insurance scores are used to provide insurers with a snapshot to provide service to consumers. The score is derived from the consumers previous credit history. This data allows the insurers to price insurance premiums/rates more accurately. (Almarshary, Erbek Reddic) Insurance scores estimate the probability of having insured file a claim. The variables commonly used to estimate insurance scores include measures of performance on credit obligations, credit-seeking behavior, use of credit, length of credit history, and types of credit used (Powell, 2009). They do not include race, color, religion, national origin, gender, marital status, sexual orientation, age, address, salary, disability, occupation, title, employer, date employed or employment history for scoring purposes (Anonymous, 2009). Insurers have found a strong correlation between insurance claims and credit scores. People with low scores are more likely to file claims than people with high scores (Lankford, 2007). They also discovered that people who made late payments tended to have more claims (Almarshary, et al). Improving credit score can certainly make a big difference in the premiums. More insurers now are considering credit scores when setting premium rates. Credit scoring enables insurers to better assess the risk of future claims. In fact, insurance credit scoring helps insurers to differentiate between higher and lower insurance risk (Almarshary, et al). Therefore, insurers will charge a premium based on the information provided by the credit score. When insurers use insurance scores to improve the accuracy of predicted losses, it benefits individuals and society (Powell, 2009). Premiums are closely related to consumers risk of loss on average, so insurance scores increase the fairness in insurance pricing outcomes. Insurance scoring also adds value to insurance transactions. Because insurance scores are accurate and inexpensive rating variables; it reduces the overall cost of providing insurance and this reduction in cost is applied to the premiums of the customer (Powell, 2009). Many people may not be familiar with the underwriting process, but knowing the factors that affect the decision of the insurers of placing you into one of the risk groups, is very useful. In this way, you can easily know if you can be chosen as a potential customer based on your personal information and even if you are not chosen as a potential customer, you might at least know what to avoid in order to decrease the chance of your policy being rejected. Finally, we have to notice the importance of the credit scores, because many insurance companies used it nowadays to price the premiums. Having a good credit history is a key factor to get a lower premium rate in the policy.

Purchasing New Cars is NOT the Best Way to Help Environment :: Automobiles Global Warming Climate Change

More and more families have their own car. As a result, the air in cities is increasingly polluted. Owners should be made to switch to less polluting vehicles. To what extent do you agree? With the economic growth of the society, more and more families are able to own automobiles of their own. As a result, thus caused very serious environment problems, the air pollution within the metropolis area is getting worse day by day. Residents’ daily lives are affected by the pollution, and basic life requirement such as breath fresh air becomes unreachable. Even worse that the future living condition of our children is seriously threatened. We must call up the conscience of our drivers and shanghai government to take actions to protect the environment, and keep the pollution as low as we can. This essay will look at the advantage and disadvantage of the government making car owners buy rehire which produce less pollution. The advantage of the government making car owners buy new cars replacing old smoke maker will benefit the improving of the environment, also in the same time stimulate the development of the automobile industry, and meanwhile benefit the economic growth. Also the development of the automobile industry will offer an opportunity of social reemployment. On the other hand, this policy can also change people’s perspective of living and consideration of the environmental problems. Make people more concern about the conservation of the environment, and evoke their conscience to protect the environment. By thus we can reduce the pollution, and make better environment. So changing new cars will also make the city looks flourishing, reduce the exhaust emission, and make people healthier. However, every coin has two sides, the biggest disadvantage of buying new cars is it creates more disposals of the old vehicles, which will become a huge burden of society. How do we deal with these new disposals, where should these old vehicles go to, and how do we dismantle them. There will be a new environment problem emerge for us to solve. Also on the other hand, people have to spend more money on changing new vehicles, which will bring more burdens to their lives. These are the most disadvantages we have to consider In conclusion, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages, I personally think it is not the best way to improve the environment and reduce the pollution by purchasing new cars.

William Shakespeares Othello Essay -- William Shakespeare Othello Ess

William Shakespeare's Othello Every artist needs a subject to draw inspiration from—an idea to develop into a masterpiece. Leonardo da Vinci had Madame Lisa to portray in paint. The Beach Boys had Rhonda to render in rhyme. And William Shakespeare had one of one hundred stories written by Giraldi Cinthio to help him create his masterpiece, Othello. Each artist creates his own interpretation from his source. Shakespeare transformed the core of Cinthio’s story into a tragedy. A tragedy is drama which depicts â€Å"a public struggle between larger-than-life protagonists and universal forces† (Glossary 175). A tragedy also involves a â€Å"hero’s suffering and his consequent moments of tragic insight or knowledge† (McJannet 1). Each subtle change, which Shakespeare adapts from his source, serves to turn an ordinary tale into an extraordinary tragedy. The changes Shakespeare makes create a â€Å"larger-than-life protagonist.† In Cinthio’s work, the Ensign falls in love with Disdemona. The Ensign tries every means available to woo her, yet he fails in every attempt. The Ensign â€Å"imagined that the cause of his ill success was that Disdemona loved the Captain of the troop† (Cinthio 137). As a result, â€Å"the love which [the Ensign] had borne the lady now changed into the bitterest hate, and†¦he devoted all his thought to plot the death of the Captain of the troop and to divert the affection of the Moor from Disdemona† (Cinthio 137). Cinthio’s plot does not center on Othello, it is powered by Disdemona. Shakespeare makes a key change when creating his play. Shakespeare makes Othello the clear protagonist. Iago’s plotting revolves around Othello. Not only does Othello pass Iago over for a rightly deserved position, but â€Å"it is thought a... ...Michelangelo did with a chisel, so Shakespeare does with a pen. Shakespeare took Cinthio’s idea of a Moor. Shakespeare chipped away parts, and patched them back together, in a reconfiguration from his own mind’s eye. Shakespeare creates a tragic flaw, and from this a tragic error occurs. Shakespeare creates an impressive protagonist amid a fateful world. Within this tragic world, the fatal manipulation of Othello is brought to light. In short, Shakespeare turns a tale into a tragedy and a story into a masterpiece. Works Cited: Cinthio, Giraldi. Hecatommithi. Trans. J. E. Taylor. Ed. Alvin Kernan. New York: New American Library, 1998. (134-146). Glossary. (170-175). McJannet, Dr. Linda. â€Å"Short Paper: Shakespeare and Cinthio.† Spring, 2006. (1-2). Shakespeare, William. Othello. Ed. Alvin Kernan. New York: New American Library, 1998. (2-128).

Cultural Influences On Emotional Expression and Perception Essay

Everyone is uniquely shaped, and should not be compared with others. Expressing ourselves can differentiate from other expressions since we are unique in each and every way. Some similarities may exist, but not necessarily every aspect of what we tend to express. As defined in the textbook, â€Å"emotional expression is the most important representation of our emotions, and may be similar to others† (Adler, Proctor, and Towne 137). Perception is part of the emotional expression because â€Å"it is the process of selecting, acquiring, interpreting, and organizing sensory information† (wikipedia.org). These two are important because we express what we express with the perception of our emotional expression. Different situations will result in different perception of emotional expression. For example, we may jump when we feel excitement or cry when we feel grief. Every expression we make is appropriate on what we feel in that particular event. We live in a country with a very diverse culture, and everyone is raise differently base on their culture. This paper will talk about the cultural influences on emotional expression and perception. Examples, description, and explanation will also be given to further explain the topic. Although many emotions and expressions of emotions are universal, some differences exist among many cultures. The comparison of both cultural similarity and difference has been very important in the area of emotional expression and perception (Matsumoto par. 2). It is very helpful to know the similarities and differences in emotion across cultures. It helps us understand the role of emotion in our lives and the importance of emotion to our thinking and behaving. People in different cultures categorize emotions differently. Some languages have classification for emotions that are not classified in other languages. It is a belief that nonverbal expressions of emotion differ across cultures, due to the fact that different cultures have different display rules. Display rules are norms that tell people whether, which, how, and when emotions should be displayed (wikipedia.org). The power of cultural norm determines how and when to show emotions that is not actually felt. The comparison of emotions helps us understand the role of emotional expression and nonverbal behaviors in social interactions to improve interaction among people from different cultural backgrounds. In addition, when comparing expressions, people of different cultures agree on which is more strongly expressed? Cross-cultural research indicates that the answer to this question is yes. Itziar and Fernandez compared these differences in paired expression of the same emotion (par. 5). According to the research, the result was that â€Å"ninety-two percent of the time, the ten cultures in their study agreed on which of two expressions was more intense† (Fernandez, Carrera, Sanchez, Paez, and Candia par. 5). For example, looking separately for each emotion, American and Japanese agreed on which photo were more intense in 24 out of 30 comparison. These findings are important because they suggest that people of different cultures use the same visual cues in judging others (Fernandez, Carrera, Sanchez, Paez, and Candia par. 8). The role of culture in emotional control is shown most explicitly through the use of display rules. Display rules are learned, culturally determined norms that govern people’s display of emotions in different social situations (Matsumoto, 1990). Matsumoto (1972) found cultural differences in display rules when a group of Japanese and American students were shown stressful film stimuli in two conditions. In the alone condition, both the Japanese and American students displayed the same negative facial expressions of fear, disgust, and distress. However, when the experimenter was present, the Japanese students smiled to mask their negative emotions while the Americans continued to exhibit their negative affects. Furthermore, a study by Matsumoto (1990) found that Americans rated disgust and sadness as more appropriate in in-groups than did the Japanese. In contrast, the Japanese rated anger as more appropriate in out-groups than did the Americans. The above findings suggest that the Japanese and American students utilized different sets of display rules which influenced either their expression or inhibition of their emotions (Matsumoto par. 2). The different sets of display rules can be understood in terms of the American and Japanese emphasis on individualism versus collectivism respectively. Individualism and collectivism are dimensions of cultural variability that refer to the degree to which a culture encourages individual needs, wishes, desires, and values over that of the group  (Matsumoto, 1990). For example, individualistic cultures emphasize individual goals and independence. Collectivist cultures, on the other hand, stress collective goals and dependence on the group (Matsumoto, 1989). It could be understood in this context that the expression of negative emotions in an in-group setting is regarded as extremely negative in collectivist countries, since the manifestations of such emotions threatens the interdependent relationship of the group. In an individualist country, however, the expression of both positive and negative emotions may feel right and good since such expressions highlight both the separation of self from others and the individual’s private, internal attributes (Forgas and Bond, 1994). What may feel good then, in this case the inhibition or expression of emotions, is largely dependent on one’s culture and socialization. To take this idea a step further, the correlation between emotional inhibition and well-being, either negative or positive, may be dependent on one’s respective culture. A past research on the relationship between emotional control and well-being has yielded conflicting findings. Where one line of research suggests that the active inhibition of emotions will lead to an increase in physiological arousal and a decrease in well-being, the other proposes that the inhibition of emotions will result in a higher level of well-being. The aim of the present study is to unravel parts of the conflict by examining the influence of gender and culture on the relationship between emotional control and well-being in two ethnic groups, Asians and Caucasians (Aeker and Williams par. 10). Furthermore, seventy-nine participants were asked to fill out questionnaires assessingtheir level of emotional inhibition, subjective well-being, and identification with anindividualistic versus collectivist culture. Results found that Caucasians and Asians differed onthe individualism-collectivism scale, with Caucasians being more individualistic and Asiansmore collectivists. The effect of culture was found with Caucasians having a negative correlationbetween emotional inhibition and well-being while Asians having an almost zero correlation. Influence of gender was also found in which increases in the level of emotional inhibition isnegatively correlated to well-being for the female sample, but for the male sample, there wasagain a zero correlation. An interactive effect of culture and gender was also found with Asianmales having the most positive correlation between emotional inhibition and well-being, andCaucasian females having the most negative correlation between emotional inhibition and well-being. Explanations of the findings in terms of gender and cultural norms are discussed(Matsumoto par. 5). The interacting effects of cultural and gender norms were also demonstrated. Asian maleswho were high on emotional inhibition were highest on well-being and Caucasian females whowere high on emotional inhibition were lowest on well-being. The results could be understood inthe context that Asian males are socialized by both their gender and cultural norms to inhibit their emotions. The act of inhibition is then consistent with what they believe they should do. Caucasian females, on the other hand, are told by both their gender and cultural norms to express their emotions. The act of inhibition is then contradictory to these expectations. It makes sense then that when one’s actions are consistent with one’s perceived cultural and gender expectations, the result would be a higher level of well-being than when the actions are contradictory to the expectations. Though the results demonstrate that both culture and gender influence the relationship between emotional control and well-being, the present study also has important limitations. First, the emotional inhibition scale measures the inhibition of both positive and negative emotions. It can be understood from a collectivist context why the inhibition of negative emotions is valued because the expression of such emotions is deemed threatening to the group. However, the expression of positive emotions is not only non-threatening but can actually facilitate group harmony. It can then be predicted that for negative emotions, inhibition will correlate positively with well-being. However, since the inhibition of positive emotions is contrary to the cultural norms, the inhibition of positive emotions will correlate negatively with well-being. Since the emotional  inhibition scale combined both types of emotions, we can speculate that there might be a canceling effect, resulting in the zero co rrelation found for the Asian sample. Furthermore, the Asian sample in the present study consists of students from U.C. Berkeley. It can be speculated that these students have to some extent acculturated into the American system and perhaps have embraced parts of the individualist culture, such as the value of expressiveness. Though the ICIAI depicts significant cultural difference between the Asians and Caucasian sample, the issue of acculturation can be reduced with cross-cultural research comparing the U.S. population with the Asian population. To investigate further the meaning of differences, Matsumoto (1993) showed ratings from Japanese and Americans on smiling versus non-smiling faces with regard to intelligence,attractiveness, and sociability. Americans rated smiling faces as more intelligent than neutral faces; the Japanese, however, did not. Americans and Japanese both found smiling faces more sociable than neutral faces, but for the Americans the difference was greater. These differences suggest that cultural display rules cause of Japanese and Americans to attribute different meanings to the smile, and serve as a good explanation for perceived major differences in communication styles across cultures. Evidently, the study has contributed to the understanding of the relationship between emotional expression and culture. Although results have shown that there are definitely effects of culture on emotional expression and perception, the future research is needed to extend the influence. For example, a study measuring the expression of positive and negative emotions separately will be easier to understand on how cultural norms affect the emotional expression and perception. The finding of cultural influence is a great step forward in understanding the role of emotional expression. However, it is just the beginning in investigating the complex between the control of emotions and our perception. Summing up, this paper talked about the different expressions the people in  different cultures gave. Everyone is brought up differently and taught differently. Therefore, we express our emotion differently because of the surroundings we grew up in, and the people that influenced us. Although people in certain parts of the world are different in terms of the background, tradition, and norm and so on, all of us are crossing that barrier on having friends by effective communication. We shouldn’t prejudice other persons before thoroughly knowing them because stereotyping is typically wrong. If people start to get to thoroughly understand differences of others, then this will become the beginning of making best friendships than ever. Bibliography Adler, Ronald B., Russell F. Proctor, and Neil Towne. Looking Out Looking In. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005. Aeker, Jennifer L. and Patti Williams. â€Å"Empathy Versus Pride: The Influence of Emotional Appeals Across Cultures.† The Journal of Consumer Research 25.3 (1998): 241-61. Fernandez, Itziar, Pilar Carrerra, Flor Sanchez, Dario Paez, and Luis Candia. â€Å"Differences Between Cultures in Emotional Verbal and Non-Verbal Reactions.† Psicothema 12 (2000): 83-92. Forgas, Joseph P. and Michael H. Bond. â€Å"Cultural Influences on the Perception of InteractionEpisodes.† Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 11.1 (1985): 75-88. Matsumoto, David. â€Å"American-Japanese Cultural Differences in Judgments of Emotional Expressions of Different Intensities.† Cognition and Emotion 16.6 (2002): 721-47.

Marketing Strategy of Beeline Essay

INTRODUCTION GTEL Corporation and VimpelCom penetrated in Vietnamese telecommunication market in 8th July 2008 under the brand name Beeline VN to provide GSM/EDGE voice and data services to cover all Vietnam with over 86million people. Until now, Beeline wants to select more strategies in order to achieve their objective which is growing their market share to 30% like the three giants: Mobilephone, Vinaphone and Viettel. From the last study, IBD strategic counseling center have identified and analyzed Beeline’s strategy as well as the position of the company in Vietnamese market. Furthermore, some suggestions for improving were also given. This report, hence, will evaluate every possible strategy for Beeline in many aspects as well as propose a  plan for the most appropriate future strategies. MAJOR FINDINGS I. Possible alternative strategies for Beeline 1. Identify possible strategies. According to the last study, Beeline’s position in the BCG matrix is question mark due to the high growth rate of the industry while the market share of Beeline is relatively low (only 4%). Moreover, in the product life cycle, Beeline has launched and introduced their services not for long. As a result, for three others stages in the product life cycle (growth, mature and decline), Beeline can implement most of the substantive growth, limited growth and retrenchment strategies. In order to identify those strategies, the most effective tool is Space matrix. Figure 1. BCG matrix Figure 2. Product life cycle a. Environmental stability By using the information from the external environment, we can identify as well as score the options in this factor. First of all, telecommunication market in Vietnam especially mobile network services has recently rocketed significantly. From the limited network until now, most of the places in Vietnam are coverage by applying many new technologies and liquidate the outdated one (GSM/EDGE, IP utilizing the NGN technology with frequency band of 1800MHz) so as Beeline will not be lagged behind by the three giants. Secondly, according to many economists, the inflation rate of Vietnam is still a double digit (14%) and it is considered as really high compared to other developing country (in 1 digit). Now, the Vietnamese government is using ceiling and floor price as well as tariffs to modulate the inflation rate back to one digit. Furthermore, at the beginning, Beeline launched the most extraordinary cheap services (Big zero) to market while other three giants’ price is much higher than Beeline. Therefore, the price range of Beeline with the average price of the industry is really high. Nevertheless, the last thing belongs to the environmental stability is barrier to entry into the market. From the political factor in the previous study, Vietnamese government is encouraging investments from oversea to increase the FDI  (Foreign direct investment), so that the tariffs and policy are absolutely motivating every foreign business like Beeline. Moreover, telecommunication is the most vital service in the modern world and this is also an industry which gains the most attention from the politician. As a result, besides high initial investment, the barrier to entry of this industry can be scored 4. b. Financial strength Financial strength is a strong point of Beeline. According to the annual report of Beeline, the return on investment rate of Beeline remains in 4.2%for each billion of dollars invested after payback. Besides, the profitability ratio of Beeline always stands above 50% (50.4%) and nearly equal to Mobilephone (53%). In another aspect, Beeline has 16years of history in the telecommunication market which means Beeline has experience in the current market. Until now, Beeline has provided 86 million mobile subscribers in total and it is till increasing while the price of services become cheaper and cheaper. Thus, they are able to have a large economy of scale. If there is a potential plan, Beeline will not hesitate to invest because they have the capital required for most of the plan by extracting a part in the total revenue of $2.27 and from the huge capital of Beeline. In the future, Beeline can maintain this strength to obtain their objectives especially updating new technology. c. Industry strength In this aspect, we can concern on three main factors: Financial stability, resource utilization and capital intensity. Firstly, the demand of using telecommunication services is always stable in most of the time, so that the revenue and financial status of this industry will always in a stable position. In the modern world, telecommunication is no longer a demand but a need of every citizen in the world. Thus, 6 will be the score for this option. On the other hand, the utilization of resources can also be taken full advantages by every business not only capital but also human resources (think global, act local). For instance, Beeline hired a professional force from both oversea (Mr. Alexey Blyumin, CEO) and Vietnam (Mr. Nguyen The Binh, Deputy CEO) to administrate the company in Vietnamese market. From the professional force, they will propose the best way of utilizing the financial resource in the most economical way. Last but not least, Beeline  is a foreign group with a huge amount of capital available. Consequently, the capital intensity of Beeline deserves to receive the highest score. d. Competitive advantage As aforementioned, Beeline has the capacity of providing services for more than 86 million people which is equal to the population of Vietnam while other three giants are in the process of signal coverage for the whole country. For Beeline, this objective will be obtained more easily than competitors (5years while others may take 10 years). From the statistic above, Beeline market share at the moment remain in 4% which is not high compared to the three giants. However, the service of Beeline quality is quite acceptable according to the opinion of the students who are the target customers of Beeline. Moreover, the time for Beeline to launch a new service is quite short (about 3 months) whereas Viettel or Mobilephone takes 6 months or a whole year to release a new service (3G). To sum up, the whole information and analysis will be shown in the table below to identify the position of Beeline in Space matrix. Diagram 1. Space matrix of Beeline When Beeline takes market penetration into consideration, they should invest more on PR and marketing campaign to create awareness and reputation in the public. Moreover, improving after sales service will help Beeline gain customer loyalty for repeat purchasing. For market development, Beeline may find some other potential market in Vietnam especially in the rural areas but the living standard of the citizens at that place is at medium level (Dien Bien, Sapa, Tam Dao, etc). This strategy can be apply easily thanks to  the development of technology, so that Beeline just have to concern about human resource or others factors. However, Beeline still have to use other strategies as well at the rural area to compete with Viettel who have coverage most of the places in Vietnam. Next, product development strategy is about focusing on R&D. Beeline needs to create the new product line or add more value to the services like packaging, online counseling, etc. However, no matter what they do, they have to assemble to maintain their corporate image, their style (black and yellow) during the campaign. Finally, diversification will be the last secret weapon in the aggressive strategies. Specifically, Beeline can use forward , backward integration and horizontal integration like building more agencies throughout Vietnam or even providing mobile phone and internet, wireless, etc with the attractive price like Viettel sell Iphone 3, internet network Dcom 3G. Invest more on new technology| v| v| x| x| 13| 3rd | Table 3. Ranking and scoring From the table, it is noticeably that there are some tactics have the same score. Thus, it is depend on the manage board to decide which activities should do first or they need to have a strategic allocation of capital to do these activities simultaneously (find the critical path). If Beeline allocates the resource as well as schedule in the most effective way, they will not only minimize but also increase their profit and market share. The first thing they have to do is all about people. Hiring the right people is the most important for all business because it is the people who create the product, seek for customer and bring back profit for the company. This activity will lead to a good result of other activities of Beeline. That’s why, they hired a professional Vietnamese person to be the vice deputy of Beeline. It is obviously that when you do nothing, you gain nothing but sometimes during the economist crisis, do nothing is a good strategy unless the cost of doing nothing lower than making a new plan. II. Strategic plan of the most appropriate strategies for Beeline 1. Select the final strategies: At the end of the day, after analyzed and evaluated every available strategy, IBD agency will propose Beeline to apply market penetration and product development. Others strategies like market development or diversification are slightly risky according to some internal stakeholders. Moreover, the three giants have successfully applied market development and if Beeline do so, it is really hard to compete because even Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City which are the most potential market of Vietnam, Beeline have to endeavor to survive. For diversification, this kind of services play a role as a contributor only and most of the telecommunication company create their own supply, so that Beeline could hardly to do so. Making a new product seems to  be hard for Beeline because they have to maintain their style and corporate image. Thus, just do what you are best. At the moment, there are some strategies which is work for Beeline like Cost leadership or differentiation (for different services). However, when Beeline success like Viettel, cost leadership will not necessary like Viettel in the past, they launch out many cheap services but now it rarely has new promotion. 2. Strategic plan Implementation is most difficult part which every company faces. Making a plan is easy but when they implement it, they will face many unexpected problem like physical risks (an manager may got an accident, etc) or business risks, financial risks, natural risks, etc. As a result, there need to be a detail plan and closely control system. This plan will be taken charged by the management board as well as every departments of the company. a. Management board Management board is the head of the company, so that Beeline needs to hire a professional person to take charge this position. First of all, the senior manager have to make a clear vision and mission as well as objectives for every department to explain deeply for them to work in the right direction. This is called envisioning. Apart from that, controlling and encouraging will ensure every department especially Marketing and Financial Department support each other and the manager also have to support them not only for professional issues but also ratify their plan. By recognizing contribution with fair wages and salaries, Beeline’s manager will not only motivate them for increasing productivity but also gaining their respect. Last but not least, in order to implement well, Beeline need to apply both intended (deliberate) and emergent (realize) strategies because by doing so, they will not only have clear and reality mission from the information gather from functional department but other department also have a clear mind about their mission to implement the strategy. For the managers, by creating the responsibility charts will help Beeline manager have a clear and logistic plan. A clear objectives, sub-objectives, general program and make an assumption will set a mile stone for the employees to achieve and also make a competitive environment when the manager utilize with his/her motivation program. b. Departments Working as a team is not about in a inside but also among departments together. Marketing department will take charge of making plan to build reputation and promote the profit of Beeline. However, Beeline cannot use all of their money for advertising. This is the time for financial department, the CFO (Chief Financial Officer) will calculate the cost of advertising and ask the CMO (Chief Marketing Officer) to adjust the plan to match with the budget of the company. However, in order to have such a professional labor to do so, the Human resource department has to ask other department for their demanded labor. Base on that, the manager of HR department will seek and find the right person for that position especially the labor force for PR activities. There are others department which Beeline needs to concern but as a telecommunication provider, those three departments are the most important. c. Allocate resources As a contributor of mobile network, the human resource of Beeline need to be allocate most in the sales department while other professional one will place in the vital position (manager, team leaders). Moreover, Beeline also needs to contribute the services fairly between the southern and northern of Vietnam so as not face the overload problem in one territory. About financial issue, minimize expense by hiring the local people and maximize the profit because the local people know their customers best. Moreover, always checking the budget will help Beeline have a timely adjustment. All of the resource are available in the society both HR (in the society or university) and financial (bank, issuing share, etc). When Beeline become the one of the heavenly king of Vietnamese telecommunications market, they can have another network system to allocate the resource not only the urban areas but also the entire country. CONCLUSION This report has made a comprehensive evaluation of many strategies available for beeline. However, the most effective strategies which Beeline needs to take into consideration are market penetration and product development. Furthermore, not only the management board of Beeline must envision but also make sure every department support and working together as a team. REFERENCES * Product life cycle: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/product-life-cycle.html * Beeline VN information: * http://beeline.vn/vn/pages/news.aspx?id=72 * http://www.maivoo.com/2011/03/29/Suc-tang-truong-cua-thi-truong-vien-thong-manh-tro-lai-n324141.html * http://en.beeline.vn/en/pages/content.aspx?id=100 * http://ebrandium.com/thu-vien/marketing/mot-chien-luoc-tiep-thi-toan-dien-case-beeline-vietnam.html * http://vccinews.vn/?page=detail&folder=96&Id=276 http://vnexpress.net/gl/kinh-doanh/2009/08/3ba11ea3/ * Secondary data: * BPP Professional Education, 2004, Business Strategy, London: BPP Professional Education * BPP Professional Education, 2004, Business Environment, London: BPP Professional Education * Duc, Nguyen Anh (2010), â€Å"Marketing research of transmission and recommendations for VIETTEL† NEU’s MBA course. * Tuan, Doan Anh (2010), â€Å"Developing the services of Hanoi telecommunication company†, NEU’s MBA course. * General Statistic Office, 2011. Social – economic in 2010 [Online] Available at: http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=621&ItemID=10835 [Access: April 11, 2011] * Scribd.com, 2010. Beeline Vietnam marketing strategy [Online] http://www.scribd.com/doc/28790390/chi%E1%BA%BFn-l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3c-markeeting-c%E1%BB%A7a-beeline * Binh, Vu Quoc (2011) â€Å"Bà ¡o cà ¡o vá »  tà ¬nh hà ¬nh và   nhá » ¯ng vá º ¥n Ä‘á »  Ä‘á º ·t ra trong phà ¡t triá »Æ'n kinh tá º ¿ xà £ há »â„¢i cá » §a thá » § Ä‘Ã ´ Hà   Ná »â„¢i và   cá º £ nÆ °Ã¡ »â€ºc nhá » ¯ng thà ¡ng Ä‘á º §u nÄÆ'm 2011; nhá » ¯ng kiá º ¿n nghá »â€¹, giá º £i phà ¡p† Hanoi researching socio-economic development study published. * Cuong, Vu Huy (2011) â€Å"Business strategy assignment 1† * Beeline strategies:

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Write an analysis of 2000 words of one of the following Hong Kong Essay

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North and South Korea Essay Example for Free

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